Rising Reports of Machine Gun Conversion Devices: Understanding the Data Behind the Headlines

According to Des Moines Police Chief Michael McTaggart, local law enforcement has observed an increase in encounters with "machine gun conversion devices" (MCDs). These compact components have the capability to modify semi-automatic firearms into fully automatic weapons, prompting discussions about enforcement trends and regulatory complexity.

What Are Machine Gun Conversion Devices?

MCDs, commonly referred to as switches or auto sears, are small mechanical parts approximately the size of a quarter. These devices can be manufactured through 3D printing or obtained online at minimal cost. Their compact size and accessibility have made them a focus of federal law enforcement attention.

National Seizure Trends and Statistics

The ATF has documented a significant increase in MCD seizures by law enforcement agencies nationwide. Official seizure data shows:

• 2019: 658 devices recovered
• 2023: 5,816 devices recovered
• Overall increase: 784% over the four-year period

However, experts note that interpreting these statistics requires context. The increase in seizures reflects multiple factors, including enhanced reporting protocols, expanded enforcement focus, and improved identification methods. Most seizures originate from possession or manufacturing cases rather than incidents involving violent crimes, suggesting the data reflects enforcement activity as much as prevalence.

Recent Regulatory Developments

Forced-Reset Trigger Reclassification

In a notable policy shift, the ATF revised its position on forced-reset triggers (FRTs) in early 2024. Under a settlement agreement reached during the Trump administration, these devices—previously targeted for seizure under Biden administration directives—were reclassified as lawful for use with semiautomatic rifles.

Key provisions of the settlement include:

• Certain manufacturers agreed to discontinue development of pistol-compatible versions
• Thousands of previously confiscated rifle triggers are being returned to their owners
• 16 states opted out of the agreement, maintaining their own restrictions (Iowa is not among these states)

State and Local Regulations

Iowa's Legal Framework

Iowa law prohibits fully automatic weapons and similar conversion devices, aligning with more than two dozen states with comparable statutes, according to Des Moines Police Sgt. Paul Parizek. The federal reclassification of FRTs for semiautomatic rifles adds nuance to the enforcement landscape, requiring clear understanding of which modifications remain restricted.

Local Enforcement Experience in Des Moines

Actual Seizure Numbers

Des Moines police data shows modest local activity:

• 2023: 5 MCD seizures
• 2024 (year-to-date): 3 MCD seizures

These figures suggest that while national conversations continue, the local impact remains limited in the Des Moines area.

Broader Firearm Trends

Chief McTaggart's remarks were delivered during a city council meeting examining annual crime statistics. Notably, overall firearm seizures in Des Moines decreased by 19% between 2022 and 2024. McTaggart attributed this reduction to refined tactical approaches and Iowa's permitless carry law, which has reduced encounters with law-abiding gun owners during routine stops.

Understanding the Broader Context

The conversation around MCDs highlights the intersection of technology, regulation, and enforcement. While federal statistics indicate increased recovery of these devices, local data suggests geographic variation in their prevalence. Ongoing regulatory adjustments, including the FRT reclassification, demonstrate the evolving nature of firearms policy and the importance of clear communication between federal and state authorities.

Law enforcement continues to adapt to emerging challenges while balancing public safety priorities with respect for lawful firearm ownership.